Photoinduced C(sp3)−N Bond Cleavage Leading to the Stereoselective Syntheses of Alkenes

Herein we report a versatile Mizoroki–Heck-type photoinduced C(sp³)−N bond cleavage reaction. Under visible-light irradiation (455 nm, blue LEDs) at room temperature, alkyl Katritzky salts react smoothly with alkenes in a 1:1 molar ratio in the presence of 1.0 mol % of commercially available photoredox catalyst without the need for any base, affording the corresponding alkyl-substituted alkenes in good yields with broad functional-group compatibility. Notably, the E/Z-selectivity of the alkene products can be controlled by an appropriate choice of photoredox catalyst.     

Synthesis,characterization, and electrochemistry of monophosphine‐containing diiron propane‐1,2‐dithiolate complexes related to the active site of [FeFe]‐hydrogenases

Five monophosphine‐substituted diiron propane‐1,2‐dithiolate complexes as the active site models of [FeFe]‐hydrogenases have been synthesized and characterized. Reactions of complex [Fe₂(CO)₆{μ‐SCH₂CH(CH₃)S}] ( 1 ) with a monophosphine ligand tris(4‐methylphenyl)phosphine, diphenyl‐2‐pyridylphosphine, tris(4‐chlorophenyl)phosphine, triphenylphosphine, or tris(4‐fluorophenyl)phosphine in the presence of the oxidative agent Me₃NO·2H₂O gave the monophosphine‐substituted diiron complexes [Fe₂(CO)₅(L){μ‐SCH₂CH(CH₃)S}] [L = P(4‐C₆H₄CH₃)₃, 2 ; Ph₂P(2‐C₅H₄N), 3 ; P(4‐C₆H₄Cl)₃, 4 ; PPh₃, 5 ; P(4‐C₆H₄F)₃, 6 ] in 81%–94% yields. Complexes 2 – 6 have been characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopy, and X‐ray crystallography. In addition, electrochemical studies revealed that these complexes can catalyze the reduction of protons to H₂ in the presence of HOAc.     

大范围ReS2纳米带的化学气相沉积制备及特性表征

采用化学气相沉积方法,在整个SiO2(300 nm)/Si衬底上制备出了大面积、高质量的单层及多层ReS2纳米带,纳米带的长度可达150μm.利用光镜、原子力显微镜(AFM)、荧光(PL),拉曼(Raman)以及X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)等手段对所得不同层数的ReS2样品进行了表征.结果表明:所制备的ReS2纳米带的拉曼信号与化学气相沉积方法制备的(CVD)单层及多层的薄膜材料差别不大,而其荧光峰出现了明显的展宽,且峰位出现了明显的蓝移.化学气相沉积法(CVD)制备ReS2纳米带操作简单,可控性与可重复性高,对其基础研究和未来潜在应用有着比较重要的现实意义.     

熔盐法合成钛酸锂钾片晶及形貌控制

在碳酸钾、碳酸锂和二氧化钛的混合原料中加入熔盐氯化钾,通过高温煅烧一步制备出钛酸锂钾片晶( K0.8 Li0.27Ti1.73O4, KLTO).通过控制熔盐的添加方式以及煅烧工艺(升温速率、煅烧时间)使材料的形貌朝着二维方向生长,并利用XRD和SEM等手段进行表征.分析发现:过快的升温速率或者较短的煅烧时间都会使材料朝三维方向生长成球状或者块状,反之则会使材料趋向一维方向生长成棒状;同时在煅烧温度达到一定值时再加入熔盐则更有利于片晶的生成.最终得到KLTO片状形貌的最佳控制工艺为:先以300 ℃/h升温至800 ℃后,再加入质量分数为40;的KCl熔盐,接着将升温速率变为200 ℃/h,加热至950 ℃,并在此温度下煅烧3 h.     

Origins of Boosted Charge Storage on Heteroatom-Doped Carbons

Although tremendous efforts have been devoted to understanding the origin of boosted charge storage on heteroatom-doped carbons, none of the present studies has shown a whole landscape. Herein, by both experimental evidence and theoretical simulation, it is demonstrated that heteroatom doping not only results in a broadened operating voltage, but also successfully promotes the specific capacitance in aqueous supercapacitors. In particular, the electrolyte cations adsorbed on heteroatom-doped carbon can effectively inhibit hydrogen evolution reaction, a key step of water decomposition during the charging process, which broadens the voltage window of aqueous electrolytes even beyond the thermodynamic limit of water (1.23 V). Furthermore, the reduced adsorption energy of heteroatom-doped carbon consequently leads to more stored cations on the heteroatom-doped carbon surface, thus yielding a boosted charge storage performance.     

旋涂法制备掺杂BiOX薄膜及光催化性能研究

采用旋涂的方法在基底材料表面原位生长BiOX(X=C1、Br、I)薄膜材料.样品的晶体结构和光学性质等通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)进行了表征.结果表明旋涂法制备的BiOX薄膜是纯净的,无其他杂质,均匀性好.通过对BiOX薄膜材料的光催化性能和瞬态表面光电压技术(TPV)进行了研究,发现卤素掺杂的BiOBr0.48I052具有较好的光催化性能.其结果表明催化性能提高的原因可能是BiOBr0.48I0.52薄膜在光照下可以产生更强的光生载流子并具有更长的光生载流子寿命.     

组合式十字形钢管混凝土柱偏压力学性能试验研究

设计了一种由槽钢和方形钢管拼焊形成的组合式十字形钢管混凝土柱,将其灵活地布置在框架结构的中节点,可使柱肢与填充墙等厚,有效地提高建筑使用面积。共制作了6根组合式十字形钢管混凝土柱试件,考虑了偏心距和长细比两种变化参数。通过对其进行偏心受压试验研究,考察了试件的破坏形态和荷载-挠度曲线,并分析了其在不同偏心距和长细比下的荷载-应变曲线发展规律。结果表明:组合式十字形钢管混凝土柱中钢管和槽钢对混凝土的约束作用强,表现为较高的延性系数;偏心距或长细比越大,试件的极限承载力及弹性刚度越小,且偏心距越大延性越好,长细比对延性影响不显著;在受拉侧纵向应变基本上符合平截面假定,在受压侧纵向应变不符合平截面假定。     

幽门螺杆菌感染引起非消化系统疾病的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌是一种革兰氏阴性微需氧型细菌, 可引起消化性溃疡、膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤和萎缩性胃炎, 是胃癌的主要诱因. 但近年来, 流行病学调查和动物实验数据提示, 该菌感染与一些非消化系统疾病, 如缺铁性贫血、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、菌血症、肺炎以及类风湿性关节炎等的发生密切相关. 本文就幽门螺杆菌感染引发非消化系统疾病的新进展进行系统剖析, 以期全面展现幽门螺杆菌感染的新领域.     

Gravitational wave imprint of new symmetry breaking

It is believed that there are more fundamental gauge symmetries beyond those described by the Standard Model of particle physics. The scales of these new gauge symmetries are usually too high to be reachable by particle colliders. Considering that the phase transition (PT) relating to the spontaneous breaking of new gauge symmetries to the electroweak symmetry might be strongly first order, we propose considering the stochastic gravitational waves (GW) arising from this phase transition as an indirect way of detecting these new fundamental gauge symmetries. As an illustration, we explore the possibility of detecting the stochastic GW generated from the PT of \begin{document}$ {\bf{B}}-{\bf{L}}$\end{document} in the space-based interferometer detectors. Our study demonstrates that the GW energy spectrum is reachable by the LISA, Tianqin, Taiji, BBO, and DECIGO experiments only for the case where the spontaneous breaking of \begin{document}$ {\bf{B}}-{\bf{L}}$\end{document} is triggered by at least two electroweak singlet scalars.     

On-chip multiphoton Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state based on integrated frequency combs

One of the most important multipartite entangled states, Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state (GHZ), serves as a fundamental resource for quantum foundation test, quantum communication and quantum computation. To increase the number of entangled particles, significant experimental efforts should been invested due to the complexity of optical setup and the difficulty in maintaining the coherence condition for high-fidelity GHZ state. Here, we propose an ultra-integrated scalable on-chip GHZ state generation scheme based on frequency combs. By designing several microrings pumped by different lasers, multiple partially overlapped quantum frequency combs are generated to supply as the basis for on-chip polarization-encoded GHZ state with each qubit occupying a certain spectral mode. Both even and odd numbers of GHZ states can be engineered with constant small number of integrated components and easily scaled up on the same chip by only adjusting one of the pump wavelengths. In addition, we give the on-chip design of projection measurement for characterizing GHZ states and show the reconfigurability of the state. Our proposal is rather simple and feasible within the existing fabrication technologies and we believe it will boost the development of multiphoton technologies.